Showing 14 results for Research Article: Case Report
Oghlniaz Jorjani , Abdolrahman Bahlkeh , Faramarz Koohsar , Beniamin Talebi , Ali Bagheri ,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (3-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Lophomonas blattarum is a multi-flagellate protozoan that is commensal in hindgut of cockroaches and other insects. The protozoan can cause respiratory infection in humans. Most cases of the infections with this protozoan have been reported in China. Here, we present a case with chronic respiratory allergy caused by
L. blattarum in Golestan province, Iran.
Case Description: The case was a 37-year-old male with history of respiratory conditions and he was immunocompetent. An athlete.
L. blattarum was detected in direct smear examination of sputum,
Conclusion: Since we found respiratory infection in an immunocompetent individual who was also an athlete, it is necessary to study this parasite and its life cycle and transmission methods. It is also suggested to consider
L. blattarum infection and treatment with metronidazole in cases of chronic allergies, especially those that do not respond to treatment.
Keywords: Lophomonas blattarum, Respiratory Allergies, Iran.
Mahdi Ghahremani Moghadam , Keyvan Hejazi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (5-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Oxidative stress is a common mediator in pathogenicity of established cardiovascular risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine effects of selected aerobic training on some oxidative stress indicators in sedentary elderly women.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 21 participants (age range: 60-70 years) were selected by convenience sampling and then randomly assigned to an exercise group (n=11) and a control group (n=10). Aerobic exercise was performed at 50-70% of heart rate reserve for 45-60 minutes per session, three sessions a week, for eight weeks. Blood samples were taken at baseline and 24 hours after the last training session. Within-group and between-group differences were assessed using paired sample t-test and independent t-test, respectively. Statistical significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: Weight, body mass index and body fat percentage decreased significantly after the exercise intervention (P<0.05). We also noted a significant reduction in endothelin-1 levels in both groups (P<0.05). Nitric oxide increased significantly after the eight-week exercise training (P<0.05). Moreover, serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels decreased significantly in the exercise group (P<0.05). No significant change was observed in malondialdehyde and urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in both groups. The result also showed a significant difference in subjects’ weight and in nitric oxide and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels between the two groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that regular aerobic exercise at moderate intensity can improve antioxidative capacity and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in elderly women.
Keywords: Endothelin-1, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, Exercise, Elderly.
Ahmadreza Meamar, Nahid Jalallou, Leila Masoori, Maryam Alipour,
Volume 13, Issue 6 (11-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Strongyloides infection is usually asymptomatic in healthy individuals; however, immunocompromised patients are subject to potential hyperinfection involvement. Hereby, we report disseminated and hyperinfection strongyloidiasis in two immunosuppressed patients from north of Iran, an endemic region for Strongyloides stercoralis.
Case description: After assessment of clinical symptoms, disseminated strongyloidiasis was identified in the first case with pemphigus vulgaris by the presence of abundant larvae in direct stool smears and gastric biopsy. The second patient had metastatic carcinoma and was hospitalized with complicated symptoms. The infection was diagnosed by detection of numerous first-stage larvae in wet mount stool smears and agar plate analysis. Despite antiparasitic treatment, both patients died during the hospitalization.
Conclusion: Delayed diagnosis of active strongyloidiasis in immunosuppressed patients can lead to hyperinfection syndrome. Thus, screening for S. stercoralis infection in these patients is recommended in endemic regions to reduce mortalities.
Keywords: Strongyloides stercoralis, Disseminated strongyloidiasis, Hyperinfection.
Maryam Karimi, Mahtab Moazzami, Najmeh Rezaeian,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common debilitating neurodegenerative disease caused by inflammatory demyelinating processes in the central nervous system. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of core stability training on serum levels of progranulin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in women with MS.
Methods: The study population consisted of 24 women with MS (aged 25 to 40 years) in Bojnourd (Iran) with expanded disability status scale score of 2-5. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of core stability training (n=12) and control (n=12). The training group performed 30-40 minutes of core stability training, three sessions a week for eight weeks. Blood sampling was done 24 hours before the first session and 48 hours after the last training session. Serum levels of progranulin and TNF-α were measured using commercial ELISA kits. Analysis of covariance was used to assess data at a significance level of 0.05 .
Results: The eight-week core stability training was associated with a significant increase in serum level of progranulin (P=0.037) and a significant decrease in the level of TNF-α (P=0.000).
Conclusion: The findings indicate that the eight-week core stability training could significantly change serum levels of progranulin and TNF-α and improve the condition of women with MS. Therefore, this type of training could be applied as a complementary therapy for MS patients.
Dr Mohsen Ebrahimi, Dr Hassan Esmaeili,
Volume 15, Issue 6 (11-2021)
Abstract
Infective endocarditis is rare in children but can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species are the leading causes of this disease. Staphylococcus is more common in people with underlying heart disease, and Streptococcus viridans is more common in people who have had a dental procedure. In general, any fever of unknown origin in children with an underlying heart problem should be carefully evaluated for endocarditis, and empiric therapy should be performed. The main symptoms of the disease include fever, new murmur, deterioration of the previous murmur, hematuria, embolic events, splenomegaly, bleeding splinter, Osler's nodes, Janeway lesion, and Roth spots. One of the important complications of infective endocarditis is cerebrovascular event and stroke. Herein, we describe a 6-year-old girl presented with fever and skin lesions and no history of underlying heart problem or dental procedure. The patient expired after three days of mitral valve infection with S. aureus.
Iffat Jamal, Shuchismita ., Vijayanand Choudhary,
Volume 16, Issue 6 (11-2022)
Abstract
Hypocellular acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an infrequent and challenging entity, and superinfection with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could further complicate its diagnosis and management. It is characterized by low bone marrow cellularity, prominent cytopenias, and in many cases, clinically simulate aplastic anemia and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome. We report a case of hypocellular AML-M2 in a 65-year-old male who was found to be COVID-19-positive. The cause of hypoplasia of bone marrow in such cases is still ambiguous and could be due to infiltration by blasts or co-infections. The cause of hypoplasia must be determined for proper management, which requires analysis of more such cases.
Ali Jabbari, Reza Afghani, Ayesheh Enayati,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a multisystem disorder characterized by progressive renal cysts formation and extra-renal manifestations. Infection within the cysts and abscess formation are rare but life threatening if left untreated. We present a rare case of peritonitis presentation due to intraperitoneal rupture of an infected cyst in a woman with polycystic kidney disease.
Case description: A 42-year-old woman presented with constant progressing abdominal pain and vomiting. She complained of abdominal distention, bloating, and a change in bowel habits from two days ago. On physical examination, bilateral enlarged masses of flanks, generalized tenderness, and distention of the abdomen were found. The patient received conventional therapy. After appropriate fluid and electrolyte management and rescue care, appropriate antibiotics were prescribed, and laparotomy was performed. The rupture of an infected cyst of the right polycystic kidney into the peritoneal cavity was the cause of peritonitis in this patient. She successfully underwent a right radical nephrectomy (32×21cm, and 3,300 gr). The postoperative period was uneventful and the patient was discharged from the hospital after a week.
Conclusion: Antibiotic therapy is the first step in the treatment of renal cyst infection. When primary antibiotic therapy fails, drainage of the infected cyst is recommended. In medically fit patients for surgery and patients who present with complications of the infected cyst, radical surgery and nephrectomy is the procedure of choice. The best outcome is achieved after nephrectomy.
Alireza Sobhani, Hakimeh S. Sajjadi, Touba Abbasi,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (7-2023)
Abstract
Alireza Sobhani1 
,
Hakimeh S. Sajjadi 2,
Touba Abbasi1
Lymphangioma circumscriptum is a rare congenital proliferation of lymphatic vessels that may occur anywhere on the skin and mucous membranes. Based on the depth and the size of abnormal lymph vessels, these lesions are divided into two groups: the superficial vesicles are called lymphangioma circumscriptum and the more deep-seated group includes cavernous lymphangioma, cystic hygroma, and benign lymphangioendothelioma. The differential diagnosis of lymphangioma includes herpes zoster, herpes simplex, molluscum contagiosum, cutaneous melanoma, dermatitis herpetiformis, and viral warts. Herein, we report a rare case of giant cutaneous lymphangioma circumscriptum with emphasis on histopathology and differential diagnosis. Our case was a 14-year-old boy with a history of multiple, clear, pink, red, and brown vesicles protruded as a patch of wart-like growths on the flank’s skin since the 6 months of age. Histopathologic examination indicated presence of multiple thin-walled dilated lymphatic spaces in the papillary dermis lined with a single layer of endothelial cells filled with finely granular hyaline material.
Shuchismita ., Iffat Jamal , Vijayanand Choudhary ,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare form of plasma cell dyscrasia with 2 variants: the primary form, which occurs de novo in patients with no previous history of multiple myeloma (MM), and the secondary form, which represents a leukemic transformation in patients with a previously recognized MM. Unlike myeloma, PCL typically follows an aggressive course, and the median age at presentation is usually above 50 years. In this report, we present a case of primary PCL that manifested at 19, an exceptionally rare occurrence.
Zahra Ahmadnia , Samane Rouhi, Hamed Mehdinezhad , Siamak Sabaghi , Alireza Firouzjahi , Mohammad Ranaei , Hossein Ghorbani , Maryam Pourtaghi, Mana Baziboron ,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (7-2024)
Abstract
Pasteurella species are one of the most common pathogenic bacteria in domestic animals, and they are seen more in people with weak immune systems. This research aims to investigate a case of a patient with multiple sclerosis from whose sputum Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) was isolated. The patient was a 28-year-old man with multiple sclerosis who had persistent coughs due to food being stuck in his throat. The patient was a 28-year-old man with multiple sclerosis who had persistent coughs due to food being stuck in his throat. The primary diagnosis was pneumonia hydropneumothorax and complete collapse of the left lung. The patient's sputum culture after the first visit to the hospital was positive for P. multocida, which was not found in a second culture. In the subsequent cultures of the patient, Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and Citrobacter were found, which had extensive drug resistance to all antibiotics. In the secondary computerized tomography (CT) scan, mild pleural effusion on the left side, pneumothorax, and complete collapse with bronchiectasis was seen. Despite the treatments, the patient finally died of cardiac arrest and bradycardia. Infection with P. multocida was found in a patient with multiple sclerosis. Also, hospital-acquired infections with drug resistance caused by the weakness of the patient's system appeared in the patient who was hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU), and finally, the patient died. According to antibiotic patterns, the best antibiotic to which the bacteria is sensitive can be considered the primary treatment to avoid irrational antibiotic prescriptions.
Qudsiya Ansari , Anisha Jain, Kailas Randad, Vinaya Singh, Akash Sarkate,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (9-2024)
Abstract
Osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome (OPPG) is a rare disorder characterized by severe osteoporosis and vision impairment, due to mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) gene. This autosomal recessive disorder is characterized by fractures, bone fragility, and pseudoglioma with blindness in infancy. Herein, we present a rare case of OPPG syndrome in an infant who, at 80 days of life (DOL), exhibited multiple fractures without any ophthalmic findings at the time of presentation. This is relatively earlier presentation of the symptoms as fractures are more commonly seen after two years of life.
Shuchismita ., Iffat Jamal , Vijayanand Choudhary,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Abstract
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is characterized by pancytopenia and usually associated with massive splenomegaly, however the same may not be true in the clinical settings. Here we report a case of HCL without the classical clinical feature of splenomegaly. Absence of splenomegaly doesn’t exclude he diagnosis of HCL. A careful study of morphological findings on bone marrow aspirate and biopsy followed by appropriate ancillary tests aids in correct diagnosis. A high index of suspicion is essential for diagnosing and appropriately
managing such cases. A strong suspicion on morphology in such cases is a prerequisite for reaching onto a correct diagnosis , even in absence of usual clinical presentation.
Dr Saeid Anvari, Dr Setare Kheyrandish, Ms Fatemeh Sotudeh, Dr Hossein Mirpour Hasankiadeh, Dr Korosh Khanaki, Dr Esmaeil Shahabi Satlsar,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Abstract
Chronic basophilic leukemia (CBL) is a rare disorder and according to the published data, few cases have been reported as primary CBL. Morphologic findings in CBL, mostly mimic chronic eosinophilic leukemia and basophils have unusual and dysplastic morphology. A 47 years-old patient comes to the hospital with gastrointestinal symptoms and bloating. Complete blood count (CBC) showed leukocytosis and marked eosinophilia. After evaluating the PB smear, abnormal leukocytes with hypersegmented nuclei along with increase in eosinophils were observed. For further investigation patient was referred to hematology clinic and underwent bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. After the morphological examination, flow cytometry was performed on the aspiration sample to accurately diagnose the disease. Flow cytometric findings were in favor of CBL. Morphological findings is unreliable for basophils detection and for definite diagnosis, flow cytometry is reliable method to precise detection of basophils and CBL.
Shalaleh Ganji, Iraj Mobedi, Azim Rezamand, Farshid Ardabili, Pooya Yari, Majid Khanmohammadi,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Enterobius vermicularis is the most important intestinal parasite in children worldwide. When this parasite migrates unexpectedly, the larvae move out of the intestine and enter organs such as the appendix and can cause health risks.
Case report: An 8-year-old boy was admitted to the oncology clinic of Tabriz Children’s Hospital complaining of fever of 39-40°C with abdominal pain, cramps, loss of appetite, weakness and fatigue associated with cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, axillary mass, abdominal upper thigh, maculopapular rashes and tiny petechiae on the chest and abdomen.
Results: On CT examination of the chest, moderate mediastinal and mesenteric lymphadenopathy was noted. The patient was hospitalized with a definitive diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). On the seventh day of hospitalization, the patient developed additive colic pain (contraction and cramping) around the umbilicus and concomitantly developed pain downward and rightward into the abdomen. Based on the clinical findings, the patient was thought to have acute appendicitis. Pathological examinations showed that E. vermicularis was the cause of the appendicitis.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that this parasite may be associated with inflammation of the appendix in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A screening program is still required in patients with immunodeficiency or those taking immunosuppressive drugs.
