Showing 18 results for Tem
Aa Jafari Nodoushan,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (4-2008)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Germ tube-producing ability of C.albicans in human serum is one of the most important virulent factors inducing transformation yeast to mycelia form. This phenomenon can be altered by some environmental and nutritional factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature, pH and glucose concentrations in germ tube formation of C. albicans in an in vitro system. Material and Methods: The germ tube production test in human serum (with normal glucose titer) in different temperature, pH, and glucose concentrations was conducted invitro using standard strain of C. albicans (ATCC 10231). The average number of cells with germ tube after 2 hours and the rate of yeastmycelial transition were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Results: Maximum germ tube production rate is seen in temperature of 37°C, pH of 6.5 and glucose concentration of 30 mg/ml (P= 0.0001) and also germ tube is seen in earliest time in these conditions in invitro. Conclusion: It seems that these environmental and nutritional factors in human body particularly in diabetics can make this fungus to produce germ tube and invade to the different tissues. Key words: Candida Albicans, germ tube, in vitro, Temperature, pH, Glucose
Mahsa Yazdi, Ali Nazemi, Mir Saed Mir Nargasi, Mr Khataminejad, Sh Sharifi, M Babai Kochkaksaraei,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (4-2010)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objectives: Beta-lactamase enzymes are the most causes of resistance to antibiotics among gram-negative bacteria. Nowadays, Infections due to ESBLs are being increased throughout the world and is considered as a new burden to the health systems. This study aimed at determining the sensitivity pattern of E.coli isolates to beta-lactam antibiotics, and investigating the presence of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes in the urine samples. . Material and Methods: In this study, 244 E.coli isolates were screened in 2009-2010. The antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli isolates were determined by disc-diffusion method. Antimicrobial agents tested were cefoxatime, ceftazidime, imipenem, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin. The combined disc test was used to confirm the results. The results were compared to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and ESBL positive isolates were further investigated for the presence of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes by PCR. Results: Of 244 E. coli isolates, 116 (47.1%) are resistant to Ceftazidime, and 96 (39.2%) to cefoxatime. Also, 109 (44.3%) isolates are ESBL positive. blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes are found among 95 (87.1%), 75 (68.8%), and 77 (70.6%) ESBL positive isolates, respectively. Forty (36.6%) isolates have all three genes, while 68 (62.3%) include blaTEM and blaSHV genes. Moreover, 61 (55.9%) isolates carry blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes, and 54(49.5%) have blactx-M and blashv. Conclusion: Regarding the high frequency of resistance to the third generation cephalosporin antibiotics, precise antibiogram testing is highly recommended before any antibiotic prescription in cases of infections with ESBL producing microorganisms. Key words: ESBL Escherichia coli blaCTX-M blaTEM blaSHV.
M Dastmardi, S Ghazinoory, R Assadifard, A Ebrahimi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (10-2010)
Abstract
Abstract Bachground and objectives: Improvement of the effectiveness of services is one of the most important strategies in many clinical and research laboratory centers. The increased client satisfaction (researchers or patients), resource development innovation efficacy, continuity of services and income are also the important strategies of these centers. For achieving these strategies, we combined the qualitative and the quantitative approaches to evaluate the effective model based on frameworks of the Balance Scorecard (BSC) and the Laboratory Quality Management Systems (LQMS). Material and Methods: This paper describes the basic steps required for designing and developing of a model for performance measurement in laboratory centers. For model validation, the relationship between the criteria, the strategies and the strategic objectives was evaluated using both the AHP method and the evaluation by the experts. Results: Implementation of the above mentioned model, conducted in one of the largest Laboratory centers, has resulted in a remarkable enhancement in the efficiency (22%), profit (33%), and level of quality of service (27%) and in the clients' satisfaction (4%). Conclusion: This research model is a valuable tool for effective evaluation and continuous improvement of the clinical and research laboratory centers. Applying this model leads to increased resource productivity as well as the clients and community satisfaction from the laboratories services. Key words: Laboratory Centers, Performance Management, Balance Scorecard (BSC), Laboratory Quality Management Systems (LQMS)
Vahide Vahideh Assadollahi , Masoume Jalalvand, Shahrokh Bagheri, Hamed Esmaiel Lashkarian ,
Volume 10, Issue 6 (11-2016)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Multipotent placental amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of differentiating into specialized tissues under different conditions. The aim of this study was to induce differentiation of placental amniotic membrane MSCs from NMRI mouse into hepatocytes using liver extract.
Methods: Placental amniotic membrane MSCs from a 14-day pregnant female mouse was used in this study. The cells were incubated with trypsin solution, followed by pipetting. The resulting suspension was cultured in 12-well plates. After confirming their mesenchymal nature, differentiation of the aforementioned cells was induced via exposure to 6, 18, 30 and 60 μg/ml of liver extract. On the 16th day of treatment, immunocytochemical reaction for albumin and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) test were performed for detection of hepatocyte-like cells.
Results: Change was observed in the shape of differentiating cells from spindle-like shape to polygonal shape. The immunocytochemical reaction of the differentiated cells was positive. PAS staining also confirmed the accumulation of glycogen particles in the aforementioned cells. Concentration of 6 μg/ml liver extract was found as the effective dose for induction of differentiation.
Conclusion: The findings of this study show that the placental amniotic membrane-derived MSCs of mouse can differentiate in vitro from spindle-like cells to polygonal hepatocyte-like cells with large nuclei and under the influence of the liver.
Keywords: Placental Amniotic Membrane Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Hepatocyte, In Vitro.
Majid Komijani , Majid Bouzari , Fateh Rahimi ,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (3-2017)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Escherichia coli is one of the most common causes of hospital-acquired infections. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli strains are resistant to third-generation cephalosporins. The three main genes involved in ESBL production are TEM, SHV and CTX-M. Detection of ESBL-producing E. coli is of importance for infection control, reduction of excessive antibiotic use and epidemiological surveillance. This study aimed to detect ESBL-producing E. coli strains isolated from wound infections using phenotypic and molecular methods.
Methods: During 2013- early 2015, 86 strains were collected from three hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using ceftazidime and ceftazidime + clavulanic acid discs. Polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection of the three resistance genes.
Results: The resistance genes SHV, CTX-M and TEM were detected in 49 isolates (56.9%). In addition, 39 isolates (45%) were ESBL-producing strains. According to the results, 5 (5.8%), 14 (16.2%), 19 (22%) and 11 (12.7%) isolates contained the SHV, CTX-M, TEM and CTX-M + TEM genes, respectively. The frequency of CTX and TEM were significantly higher than that of SHV gene (P <0.05). Most of the isolated bacteria were resistant to cefazolin and sensitive to nitrofurantoin.
Conclusions: There is a difference between the frequency of ESBL-positive isolates reported in the phenotypic and genotypic methods, which could be due to the lower sensitivity of the phenotypic method and impact of environmental factors on the emergence of antibiotic resistance.
Keywords: Antibiotic resistance genes, ESBL, TEM, SHV, CTX-M, Escherichia coli.
Mojtaba Raeisi , Fatemeh Ghorbani Bidkorpeh , Mohammad Hashemi , Bektas Tepe , Zahra Moghaddam , Masoud Aman Mohammadi, Seyyed Mohammad Ali Noori ,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (3-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Utilization of essential oils instead of chemical preservatives has received significant attention in recent years. The present study aims to evaluate chemical composition and antibacterial and antioxidant properties of essential oils of Zataria multiflora, Artemisia deracunculus and Mentha piperita.
Methods: Chemical profile of the essential oils was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The microwell dilution and agar disk diffusion methods were used to evaluate the antibacterial properties of the essential oils. Total phenolic content, β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching test and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays were carried out to determine the antioxidant properties.
Results: Menthol (39.18%) and mentone (21.64%) were the main components of the essential oil of M. piperita, while estragol (34.75%) and limonene (15.72%) were the major components of the essential oil of A. dracunculus. The main components of the essential oil of Z. multiflora were carvacrol (36.81%) and thymol (33.04%). The essential oils of M. piperita and Z. multiflora showed greater antimicrobial effects. Moreover, Z. multiflora showed the greatest antioxidant activity among the essential oils. The total phenolic content of Z. multiflora was 228.14±0.45 mg gallic acid equivalent/g.
Conclusion: Given their favorable antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, the essential oils of Z. multiflora, A. deracunculus and M. piperita can be used as natural food preservatives.
Keywords: Zataria multiflora, Artemisia deracunculus, Mentha piperita, antibacterial effect, antioxidant effect.
Hassan Rasouli, Parvin Farzanegi, Hajar Abbaszadeh,
Volume 14, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Osteoarthritis is one of the most common arthritic diseases and a main cause of pain and disability. Simultaneous downexpression of paired box 7 (Pax7) and myogenin genes, as indicators of satellite cells activation is evident in osteoarthritis. This study assessed effects of an exercise training course and stem cell injection on the expression of Pax7 and myogenin in gastrocnemius muscle of rats with arthritis.
Methods: Thirty five male rats aged 6–8 weeks and weighing 250–300 g were divided into five groups: control, patient, exercise, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), and exercise+MSC. Osteoarthritis was induced in rats by surgery. The training program consisted of 30 minutes of running on a non-slip treadmill at a speed of 16 m/min. The rats were injected with 1×106 cells/kg MSC. The expression of Pax7 and myogenin was measured by real–time PCR. Data were analysed with SPSS (version 23) using one-way analysis of variance.
Results: Both Pax7 and myogenin were significantly overexpressed in the exercise+MSC group compared to the patient group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The combination of MSC therapy and training had more positive effects on Pax7 and myogenin expression compared to training and MSC therapy alone.
Mehdi Nasiraey, Abdolreza Jafari Chashmi, Seyd Abdollah Hashemvarzi,
Volume 14, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and objectives: It has been suggested that irisin and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) can increase energy expenditure, promote weight loss and improve insulin resistance in diabetic patients by affecting white and brown adipose tissues. In this study, we investigate effect of adipose tissue-derived stem cell transplantation and six weeks of aerobic exercise on FNDC5 and irisin levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: Forty-eight rats (weighing 220-240 g and aged nine weeks) were divided into six groups of control, sham, diabetes control, diabetes + exercise, diabetes + stem cell and diabetes+ exercise + stem cell. The exercise group ran on running wheel at intensity of 60-70% VO2max, five days a week for six weeks. Next, 1.56 × 106 stem cells extracted from human adipose tissue were injected into the tail vein of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Finally, FNDC5 and irisin plasma levels of the mice were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
Results: FNDC5 and irisin levels reduced significantly in the diabetes control group (P=0.0001). FNDC5 levels in the diabetes + exercise + stem cell and the exercise group increased significantly compared to the diabetes control group (P=0.0001). The irisin level in the diabetes + stem cell + exercise group, exercise group and stem cell group increased significantly compared to the diabetes control group (P=0.0001).
Conclusion: The results indicate that aerobic exercise program and stem cell therapy alone and combined can significantly increase plasma irisin levels. Given the favorable effects of adipose tissue-derived stem cell injection and aerobic exercise on FNDC5 and irisin levels, this strategy could be further evaluated in coping with the adverse effects of diabetes on metabolism and aging
Behnoush Khasheii, Pezhman Mahmoodi, Abdolmajid Mohammadzadeh,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (9-2021)
Abstract
Increasing antibiotic resistance is a global health problem. In recent years, due to the indiscriminate use of antibacterial compounds, many bacterial pathogens, including staphylococci, members of the
Enterobacteriaceae family including
Klebsiella pneumoniae and bacteria such as
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and
Acinetobacter baumannii have become multi-drug resistant. Consequently, it is important to explore alternative approaches for eliminating resistant strains. Bacteria synthesize low-weight molecules called siderophores to chelate iron from the environment as a vital element for their growth and survival. One way to deal with resistant bacterial strains is to utilize siderophore-mediated iron uptake pathways as entrance routes for drug delivery. Therefore, the production of drugs with Trojan horse strategy in the form of conjugated siderophore-antibiotic complexes has recently received much attention
for dealing with resistant isolates.
In this review, we discuss the efficacy of siderophore-antibiotic conjugates as a Trojan horse strategy for eliminating drug-resistant pathogens.
Bhumika Gupta, Shivani Kalhan, Shalini Shukla, Shalini Bahadur, Gyanendra Singh, Rambha Pathak,
Volume 15, Issue 6 (11-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: COVID 19 pandemic caused by SARS-COV2 virus has taken a toll all over the world. The susceptibility of various diseases like Helicobacter Pylori, Hepatitis B virus and Norwalk Virus and even SARS Corona Virus 1 have been associated with ABO blood groups. However, very limited data is available regarding the COVID 19 susceptibility and ABO blood groups. Methods: In the present report we investigated 500 admitted patients who were RTPCR positive for corona virus. Significant Tests were applied to study association of blood groups vis a vis disease severity, ICU admissions and assisted ventilation. Results: We found out that Type A blood group is more susceptible to severe COVID 19 infection, even though maximum patients were of type B blood group. We also found that type A blood group needed more ICU admission and assisted ventilation then non type A groups and difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Patients with type A blood group COVID 19 patients with type A blood group might require more vigilant surveillance and aggressive treatment measures. Further studies are required to validate the disease susceptibility.
Mahmoud Karimizadeh Esfahani, Mohsen Najjari, Saeed Hosseini Teshnizi, Somayeh Dolatabadi, Mohammad Javad Najafzadeh,
Volume 16, Issue 5 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Mycotic keratitis is a fungal infection of the cornea that can cause blindness. Its incidence, risk factors, and the etiological agents vary worldwide and nationwide. Therefore, proper documentation of these data is essential for better disease management. In this review, we aimed to make a clear picture of this infection in the Middle East.
Methods: Data on fungal keratitis from 1986 to 2018 in the Middle East were systematically collected from five English databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) and four Persian databases (Magiran, Scientific Information Database, IranMedex, and Irandoc). A total of 35 studies were included in the review.
Result: The pooled prevalence of fungal keratitis in the Middle East was estimated at 26% (95% confidence interval: 19-32%; I2=98.88%, p<0.001) using random-effect model, with considerable variation among the countries. The prevalence of fungal keratitis was highest in Egypt (36%) and Iran (34%) and lowest in Oman (9%). Aspergillus and Fusarium spp. were the most common causative agents (28%) among filamentous fungi, and Candida (13%) was the predominant yeast species causing fungal keratitis. Based on the data, fungal keratitis was more prevalent in males (39%) than in females (23%).
Conclusion: Our study is the first systematic review on mycotic keratitis among the Middle Eastern countries. These epidemiological estimates can be used by policy makers to improve treatment strategies, especially in this part of the world.
Background and objectives: Mycotic keratitis is a fungal infection of the cornea that can cause blindness. Its incidence, risk factors, and the etiological agents vary worldwide and nationwide. Therefore, proper documentation of these data is essential for better disease management. In this review, we aimed to make a clear picture of this infection in the Middle East.
Methods: Data on fungal keratitis from 1986 to 2018 in the Middle East were systematically collected from five English databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) and four Persian databases (Magiran, Scientific Information Database, IranMedex, and Irandoc). A total of 35 studies were included in the review.
Result: The pooled prevalence of fungal keratitis in the Middle East was estimated at 26% (95% confidence interval: 19-32%; I2=98.88%, p<0.001) using random-effect model, with considerable variation among the countries. The prevalence of fungal keratitis was highest in Egypt (36%) and Iran (34%) and lowest in Oman (9%). Aspergillus and Fusarium spp. were the most common causative agents (28%) among filamentous fungi, and Candida (13%) was the predominant yeast species causing fungal keratitis. Based on the data, fungal keratitis was more prevalent in males (39%) than in females (23%).
Conclusion: Our study is the first systematic review on mycotic keratitis among the Middle Eastern countries. These epidemiological estimates can be used by policy makers to improve treatment strategies, especially in this part of the world.
Mana Zakeri, Elham Alimoradi, Effat Seyyedhashemi, Shayan Marhamati, Vahid Tajari, Hamidreza Joshaghani,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease, caused by abnormal innate and adaptive immune responses. Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) are reliable biomarkers for diagnosing SLE. Here, we aimed to investigate the serum levels of anti-dsDNA and ANA antibodies, their diagnostic utilities, and their relationship with disease activity and clinical/laboratory manifestations in patients with suspected.
Methods: We evaluated the plasma levels of ANA and anti-dsDNA antibodies in all individuals with suspected SLE (n=668) who had been referred to rheumatology clinics in Gorgan, Iran. The level of antibodies as well as C3, C4, and CH50 were determined using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
Results: The mean level of ANA and anti-dsDNA antibodies differed significantly between the ANA-positive and ANA-negative groups (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the mean values of C3 (p=0.233), C4 (p=0.415, and CH50 (p=0.482) between the two groups. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between ANA and anti-dsDNA levels (p<0.001, r=0.50).
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that anti-dsDNA levels are higher in ANA-positive individuals, and there may be a positive correlation between ANA and anti-dsDNA levels. It is recommended to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values of ANA and anti-dsDNA antibodies in future studies.
Ehsan Ameri, Ali Farhadi Mahali, Mojtaba Tabari,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (7-2023)
Abstract
Ehsan Ameri 
1,
Ali Farhadi Mahali2 ,
Mojtaba Tabari3
Background: Improving the quality of visit services in laboratories of medical-teaching centers of universities of medical sciences plays a major role in providing better services to patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the policy of improving the quality of visit services of the reform plan in laboratories of medical-teaching centers in Golestan province.
Methods: The present research was cross-sectional and had a descriptive-analytical type. A total of 384 staff in the diagnostic laboratories were selected for the study using a simple random sampling method. The data collection tool included a 35-item researcher-made questionnaire.
Results: There was a gap between the current and desired status of the fourth axis of the health system reform plan. The gap was about -0.01, indicating that there was a gap between the current and desired status and it was related to the supervision department according to the respondents in the target statistical population.
Conclusion: The implementation of this plan was effective in improving the quality of visit services in laboratories of medical-teaching centers in Golestan province but this effectiveness did not meet the goals of the fourth axis of the reform plan. Therefore, the factors, which caused a lack of supervision among the executive departments of laboratories of medical-teaching centers in Golestan province, should be removed for increasing the effectiveness of this plan.
Darshana Kottahachchi, Tharushika Deshani Hewapathirana, Thisali Chandula Perera, Shashikala Suresh,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (3-2024)
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasm that is characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. It is considered the second most common hematological malignancy which accounts for approximately 1% - 2% of all cancers and among 10% of hematological malignancies. Autologous peripheral blood stem cell Transplantation (PBSCT) is the best treatment for MM. Since the optimum harvested stem cell yield is a crucial factor for sufficient engraftment, the enumeration of Mononuclear cell (MNC) count in peripheral blood and harvested CD 34+ stem cell count can be considered as the best predictive markers for the best timing of apheresis which positively correlates with engraftment outcome of PBSCT.
MNC count can be obtained using either a hematological analyzer or peripheral blood smear while flow cytometry is the advanced technology that can be used to enumerate CD 34+ stem cell count other than peripheral blood smear. The unavailability of a flow cytometer, the expensiveness of this method, and the lack of trained personnel regarding this new technology, especially in lower-middle-income countries cause disturbance in the enumeration of stem cells. In such a situation, this review describes the importance of establishing an association between peripheral blood MNCs and harvested CD 34+ cells. Furthermore, this association facilitates conducting effective PBSCT for MM patients even in the absence of a flow cytometer and eventually, it focuses on decentralizing the treatment of PBSCT.
Seyed Sadegh Baniaghil, Fardin Balochi , Alireza Ahmadi,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background: The understanding of blood group phenotypes is currently limited to the ABO and Rh blood group systems. This study aimed to determine the frequency of Rh system antigens (D, C, c, E, e) and the phenotypes of the system in blood donors. Identifying the blood group phenotypes of donors in any population is important for improving healthcare services and better serving patients.
Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 575 donors (Turkmen and Fars) in blood transfusion centers in Golestan Province, Iran. A cell suspension (3-5%) from each sample was prepared in normal saline and exposed to Rh system antisera using the haemagglutination technique. The Rh phenotype was then determined based on the most common genotype.
Results: For the Rh system, the antigen frequencies of D, C, c, E, and e were 87.76%, 73.6%, 72.1%, 30.83%, and 93.59%, respectively. The most common phenotypes among the Turkmen and Fars donors were R1R1, R1r, and rr, respectively, while the least common phenotypes were R2Rz and ryry. The phenotypes r'r' and ryry were not detected in the Turkmen donors, and the phenotype r''r' was not identified in the Fars donors.
Conclusion: Identifying the prevalence of blood group antigens in donors from each region is crucial for organizing negative antigen blood units, preparing compatible blood for multitransfused patients, and preventing the development of alloantibodies in these patients.
Faramarz Koohsar, Hamed Kalani, Fatemeh Livani, Oghol Niaz Jorjani, Ganesh Yadagiri, Alireza Ahmadi, Roghiyeh Faridnia,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background: Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan. Despite the significant frequency of cutaneous leishmaniasis, there is still no appropriate prevention, control and treatment. In recent years, a few studies have been performed on the effects of garlic extract for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Current drugs, such as glucantime, have several side effects and lead to direct cellular damage. If an herbal-based drug reduces Leishmania by augmenting the immune system, it has the potential to possess a wider margin of safety. This study aimed to investigate the effects of in vitro systematic review of the effects of garlic (Allium sativum) and its compounds on Leishmania major.
Methods: Five English databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched until the end of December 2022. The syntax and specific tags have been used for each database. The studies with poor methodology, inadequate information, inappropriate analysis, and confusing presentation were excluded from the current study. The quality of articles was assessed by eleven questions developed by the authors and the data were extracted from the selected articles and discussed.
Results: In this study, 198 articles were selected in the search step, of which five eligible articles were included for examination. The most commonly used solvent for the preparation of garlic extract was distilled water (60%), followed by methanol (40%). In these studies, the bulb of garlic is mostly used (80%). Cell type of J774 was used in only one study (20%), and murine peritoneal macrophages were used in the other studies (80%). The effect of garlic on Leishmania major was strong (80%). Studies have shown that garlic extract or its active compounds can increase cellular immune responses, which play an important role in inhibiting the Leishmania parasite. This is associated with the activation of macrophages and increased IFN-γ levels and NO production.
Conclusion: According to the studies, the effect of different combinations of garlic on the Leishmania parasite has been shown. However, the exact mechanism of the anti-Leishmanial effect of garlic has not been determined. Thus, this issue needs further investigation.
Amir Shapoori , Habib Asgharpour , Parvin Farzanegi , Neda Aghaei Bahman Beglou ,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (7-2024)
Abstract
Background: One of the causes of infertility is azoospermia. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of swimming exercise, cell therapy, and laser therapy on the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial dynamics in the testicular tissue of azoospermic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 40 rats (6-8-weeks old) were randomly assigned to 8 groups: 1) Healthy control, 2) patient, 3) sham, 4) laser, 5) exercise, 6) cell, 7) cell + laser, and 8) cell + exercise. The azoospermia model was induced using busulfan at a dose of 40 mg. Stem cells were transplanted once into the vas deferens at a concentration of 1000000 cells per rat. One week after cell transplantation, laser therapy was applied in three repetitions throughout the study period, with an interval of once a week, and after wound healing, the rats swam for 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week, for 8 weeks. To investigate the expression of the studied genes, tissue analysis was performed by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique.
Results: Azoospermia significantly reduced the expression of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) and significantly increased the expression of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and muscle-specific RING finger protein 1 (Murf1) in testicular tissue. The use of interventional methods increased the expression of Mfn2, and significantly reduced the expression of Murf1.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, the best changes were observed in the exercise + laser group. Therefore, it can be said that in rats using the azoospermia model, the simultaneous use of regular exercise interventions and laser therapy is the most effective.
Joseph Ki , Mohan Kumar , Kanagasabapathy Sivagami , Jeevithan Shanmugam , Periasamy Aparnavi ,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (11-2024)
Abstract
Background: The ABO and Rh blood group systems have been associated with variations in disease susceptibility. This study aimed to assess the variability in blood parameters, including red cell parameters and metabolic parameters (Renal function, hepatic function, blood glucose, lipid profile, and thyroid function), by ABO and Rh blood grouping systems.
Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted among patients who underwent a preventive health check-up at a private tertiary care hospital in Coimbatore, India. The laboratory database contained records of 62,808 adult participants who reported for master health check-ups between January 2017 and February 2024. Among these patients, those who reported for the first time were included.
Results: Blood grouping and typing data were available for 50,368 and 56,155 participants, respectively, with a mean age range of 52.6 to 53.0 years across all blood groups. The most prevalent blood group was O, followed by B, A, and AB, with a similar distribution across genders. The mean hemoglobin level was highest in the B group (13.7 ± 13.9 g/dl). MCH and MCV values were elevated in the A and O groups, while MCHC and ESR were higher in the B and AB groups. Renal and liver parameters mostly did not vary by blood group or Rh type, except for elevated urea levels in the A group and higher ALP levels in the O and Rh-positive groups. LDL and total cholesterol were highest in the A group, while HDL was highest in the AB group.
Conclusion: The results underscore the importance of considering blood group variations when interpreting blood parameters in clinical practice.
