Showing 10 results for Expression
Nasrollahi Omran, A, Nazemi, A, Kihanian, Sh, Aryana , N,
Volume 8, Issue 5 (1-2015)
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objective: With the development of drug resistance in strains of fungi, there is a considerable resistance of Candida albicans strains to fluconazole. Molecular studies are developing to determine the relationship of such a drug resistance with the increased gene expression of enzymes produced in drug-resistant Candida isolates. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between extracellular lipase gene (LIP8) expression of Candida albicans isolated from candidiasis and sensitivity or resistance to fluconazole. Material and Methods: Drug susceptibility of Candida albicans was performed in oral and vaginal candidiasis to determine the proportion of strains sensitive or resistant to fluconazole using NCCLS method. To evaluate and compare the expression of these genes in the susceptible and resistant strains, RT real-time PCR reaction was used. Results: Of 46 Candida albicans, 20 were susceptible, 12 were semi-susceptible and 14 were resistant to fluconazole. By using PCR reaction, the results showed that the expression of this gene in fluconazole-susceptible isolates was moderate, while it was high in the isolates resistant to fluconazole. Conclusion: The results of lipase gene (LIP8) expression showed that the additional expression of some genes of the enzymes responsible for virulence of Candida may also play a role in resistance to fluconazole. Keywords: Candidiasis, Lipase Gene Expression, RT real-time PCR, Fluconazole
Nahid Ariana, Ali Nazemi , Ayatollah Nasrollahi Omran,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (10-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and objectives: More Candida albicans strains are reported resistant to fluconazole in patients with AIDS, cancer and organ recipients. Fluconazole resistance can be attributed to changes in pathways of sterol biosynthesis, mutation in or overexpression of ERG11 and the expression of CDR1, CDR2, and MDR1. This study aimed to compare the expression of CDR1, CDR2, and MDR1 in C. albicans resistant and susceptible to fluconazole.
Methods: MIC testing for fluconazole was performed on C. albicans isolates isolated from patients with oral and vaginal candidiasis to determine resistant and susceptible strains. Then real time PCR was performed on the resistant and susceptible isolates and the expression of CDR1, CDR2, and MDR1 was compared in C. albicans.
Results: Of 46 Candida albicans isolates, 20 susceptible isolates, 12 semi-susceptible isolates and 14 resistant isolates were identified by MIC. After real time PCR was performed, Candida albicans isolates susceptible to fluconazole showed moderate expression of CDR1, CDR2, and MDR1 genes, while resistant isolates showed slight or no expression.
Conclusion: Increased expression of CDR1, CDR2, and MDR1 had less and insignificant role in resistance to fluconazole.
Keywords: Candida Albicans, Gene Expression, Real time PCR method
Hasan Kaleji, Alijan Tabaraei, Abdollah Abbasi, Naemeh Javeed , Masoud Bazoori , Reza Golmohamadi , Abdolvahab Moradi,
Volume 9, Issue 5 (11-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objective: Various cellular factors affect the process of HIV activity. One of these cellular factors are structures known as microRN that are expected to be involved in controlling HIV replication and infectivity. The expression of one or a set of them may represent the patient's clinical conditions. In this study, the expression of miR-29a and miR-29b involved in regulating viral genes’ expression was evaluated in three HIV-positive groups and a healthy control group. Later, the expression level of these microRNAs was compared between the cases and controls.
Methods: Total RNA extraction was performed on the collected samples using RNx-plus kit and then the microRNA expression levels were evaluated using Relative Real-time PCR. The obtained data was entered into SPSS 22 and Graphpad softwares and analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Man-Whitney tests. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistical significance level.
Results: The expression level of miR-29a was reduced in patients under treatment and drug-resistant patients ( P ≤ 0.05) . All three HIV-positive groups including people without drug treatment, patients under treatment and drug-resistant patients showed reduced miR-29b expression level compared to control group (P ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: the decreased expression of miR-29a and miR-29b in patients under treatment and drug-resistant patients indicates an increased viral replication and reduced CD4 cell count. It may be possible to predict the progression of the disease by miRNA measurement or control viral replication using these mir-RNAs that requires further studies.
Keywords: HIV, expression, mir-29a, mir-29b.
Babisan Askari , Amir Rashidlamir , Asra Askari , Masoumeh Habibian , Arash Saadatniya ,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (3-2018)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. This study examined the effects of cardiac rehabilitation exercise on lipid profile and expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) gene in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, after screening, patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=12) and a control group (n=12). After the surgery and discharge from hospital, the experimental group performed rehabilitation exercise for two months, while the control group did not perform any exercise after discharge from the hospital and the initial phase of rehabilitation. Fasting blood samples were collected before and after the last training session to evaluate biochemical variables and PPAR-α gene expression of lymphocytes. PPAR-α expression level was assessed by qRT-PCR. Statistical analysis was done in the SPSS software (version 20) using repeated measures.
Results: In the follow-up after the two-month cardiac rehabilitation exercise, the PPAR-α gene was significantly overexpressed and plasma HDL levels increased significantly in the training group compared with the control group (P<0.05). Although the concentrations of LDL and triglycerides decreased in the experimental group, this reduction was not statistically significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The results indicate that the protocols carried out in the study could be utilized for improving HDL levels and cardiovascular function in CABG patients.
keywords: Cardiac Rehabilitation, Gene Expression, PPAR-α.
Hadis Musavi , Abolfazl Fattah , Mojtaba Abbasi ,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (5-2019)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Prostate cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy with a high mortality rate in men. Many studies have investigated the diagnostic value of various genes involved in prostate cancer, but there is no data for Kallikrein 2 (KLK2) and Kallikrein 3 (KLK3) expression patterns among Iranian patients. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the expression of these two genes in Iranian patients with prostate cancer.
Methods: In this case-control study, three groups consisting of healthy individuals, patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and patients with prostate cancer were studied. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all subjects, mRNA was extracted after cell lysis, and cDNA was synthesized. Real-time PCR was performed to assess gene expression levels relative to a reference gene (18s rRNA gene).
Results: The KLK2 gene was overexpressed in patients with prostate cancer. KLK2 expression differed significantly between the cancer patients and controls. Relative expression of the KLK3 gene in the BPH group was higher than that in the control and cancer groups. However, we observed no significant difference in the expression of KLK3 between the control and cancer subjects.
Conclusion: We demonstrate that analysis of KLK2 expression is a favorable method of diagnosing prostate cancer and discriminating normal individuals from those with BPH or prostate cancer. We also found that the KLK3 gene is highly overexpressed in individuals with BPH, which might indicate that this gene is not cancer-specific.
Keywords: Prostatic Neoplasm, Prostatic Hyperplasia, Kallikreins, Gene Expression.
Najmatol Sabah Alavizadeh, Amir Rashidlamir, Seyed Mahmoud Hejazi,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Chemokines are a group of proteins involved in both innate and adaptive immunity with a significant role on homeostasis and immune system development. The present study aimed to evaluate effects of eight weeks of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation exercise after coronary artery bypass surgery on expression of chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of middle-aged men.
Methods: The study was performed on 45 middle-aged men that had undergone coronary artery bypass surgery. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups of control (n=15), aerobic exercise (n=15) and combined aerobic-resistance exercise (n=15). The trainings were performed three times a week for eight weeks at 60-75% of target heart rate. Fasting blood samples were collected 24 hours before the first training session and 48 hours after the last training session. Lymphocytes were separated by centrifugation. Change in gene expression was investigated by real time-PCR. Data were analyzed in SPSS (version 16) using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test.
Results: The eight week exercise training significantly decreased expression of CCL2 compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Rehabilitation exercise can be an effective way to prevent, control or reduce atherosclerosis by lowering expression of CCL2 and CCL5.
Mohammad Arefi, Abbas Abdollahi, Ayyoob Khosravi, Abdolavahab Moradi, Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari, Naimeh Javid, Mehdi Evazalipour, Anvarsadat Kianmehr,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in the world. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have potential as diagnostic biomarkers for various diseases including cancer. This study was undertaken to investigate expression of miR-21 before and after surgery in patients with hereditary CRC.
Methods: After collecting blood samples from 39 patients and 39 healthy controls, total RNA was extracted by the TRIzol method. Following cDNA synthesis, expression of miR-21 in serum of subjects was evaluated using real-time PCR, along with two reference genes, let-7d and let-7g. The real-time expression results and Ct values were collected and analyzed based on the 2-∆∆ct method.
Results: In spite of tumor removal, serum miR-21 expression levels was significantly higher in hereditary CRC patients compared with controls (P=0.022).
Conclusion: Our results confirmed that samples from hereditary cases of CRC must not be included in experiments on the diagnostic potential of miRNAs.
Hossain Torabi, Mojtaba Eizadi, Ali Jalalvand, Ebrahim Zarrinkalam,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Clinical evidence has demonstrated the important role of adiponectin in insulin signaling pathways in target tissue. The aim of this study was to determine effects of aerobic training on insulin sensitivity, glucose level, and adiponectin expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods: Type 2 diabetes was induced in 14 male wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of nicotine amide and streptozotocin. The rats were randomly divided into an exercise group (n=7) and a control group (n=7). The rats in the exercise group performed aerobic training in from of treadmill running, five sessions a week, for 12 weeks. Subjects in the control group did not perform any training. Glucose level, insulin level, insulin sensitivity, and adiponectin expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue were determined at baseline and 48 hours after the lasting training session. Independent t-test was used for comparing the variables between the study groups.
Results: Aerobic training resulted in a significant increase in serum insulin (p=0.006), insulin sensitivity (p=0.003), and adiponectin expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (p=0.037) compared with the control group. In addition, the training caused a significant decrease in fasting glucose level compared with the control group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on these findings, the decrease in blood glucose may be attributed to the improvement of adiponectin-dependent insulin signaling pathways in adipose tissue in response to aerobic training. However, more cellular-molecular studies are needed to understand the mechanisms responsible for these changes.
Khodaberdi Kalavi, Mohammad Ali Faghihi, Ogholniaz Jorjani , Zolikha Tatari,
Volume 16, Issue 5 (9-2022)
Abstract
Dear Editor,
There are several reports about the modulatory effects of intracellular pathogens, such as Leishmania spp., to help survival and replication inside host cells. They alter host cells' defense and offence mechanisms, and in case of leishmaniasis, the pathogen creates a hostile environment inside macrophages. We performed an RNA sequencing analysis of transcriptome changes in Leishmania major-infected human macrophages at four hour post infection. In this study, we investigated gene expression pattern of the infected macrophages against microbead (4.16 µm) polystyrene particles phagocytized and non-polarized macrophages as controls. Monocytes with high purity were isolated from healthy donors by magnetic-activated cell sorting and then differentiated into macrophages after 6-9 days of incubation at 37 ˚C.
In this study, we focused on some key interaction events between host cell and the pathogen; so some feature steps resulting from dictation strategies of the pathogen are presented below.
Mojtaba Eizadi, Mehdy Behkar, Yaser Kazemzadeh, Saeid Sedaghaty, Motahareh Moslehi,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Genetic studies have indicated the effective role of transcription factors in insulin synthesis and secretion, especially in the case of diabetes. This study aimed to assess the effects of high-intensity interval training on transcription factor 7-like 2/ glucagon-like peptide 1 (TCF7L2 / GLP-1) axis in pancreatic tissue of obese rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: For this purpose, obesity was induced in 21 male Wistar rats (weighting 220±10 g) by exposure to a high-fat diet for six weeks. Then, the rats were randomly assigned to a non-diabetic, a control T2DM, and an exercise diabetic group. Next, T2DM was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (25 mg/kg). The rats in the exercise group participated in a HIIT program, five times a week, for six weeks. After the intervention, TCF7L2 and GLP1 expression in the pancreas tissue was determined by real-time PCR. Serum insulin, glucose, and beta cell function were compared between the study groups. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: Induction of T2DM increased glucose level and TCF7L2 expression but decreased insulin, beta cell function, and GLP-1R expression. In addition, HIIT significantly decreased TCF7L2 expression as well as glucose level, serum insulin, and beta cell function; however, it did not significantly change GLP-1R expression compared with the control diabetes rats.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, the improvement of serum insulin and glucose level following HIIT may be attributed to the decrease in TCF7L2 gene expression in the pancreatic tissue of diabetic rats.
